必修4 Unit 4 高考试卷分块专练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·长沙一模)In between running one of the world's largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft's technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates — who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.

Here are Bill's top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)．

Business Adventures, by John Brooks

Brooks' collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates' favorites. He re­read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.

“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks' insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.”

Capital in the Twenty­First Century, by Thomas Piketty

Piketty's novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non­fiction work to discuss the topic.

“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”

How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell

Studwell's work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.

“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful. It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”

Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav Smil

Smil's books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft's founder — one of his books makes Gates' list almost every year. Making the Modern World came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.

“If anyone tries to tell you we're using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and his love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials — say, soda cans that need less aluminum — makes them cheaper, which actually encourages more production.”

语篇解读：本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。

1．The books mentioned in the text are mainly about ________.

A．charity in the world

B．business and economy

C．poverty in the world

D．Bill Gates' life experience

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。

2．Of the books, ________ is best praised by Bill Gates.

A．How Asia Works

B．Capital in the Twenty­First Century

C．Business Adventures

D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“He re­read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.”可知，Business Adventures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。

3．Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of________.

A．Capital in the Twenty­First Century

B．Business Adventures

C．How Asia Works

D．Making the Modern World：Materials and Dematerialization

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non­fiction work to discuss the topic.”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the Twenty­First Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。

4．In How Asia Works, the author analyses ________.

A．why African agriculture cannot develop fast

B．how they can apply Asian economic model in African countries

C．why Asia is slow in agricultural development

D．how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知，How Asia Works主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。

B

(2018·山东省部分重点中学联考)The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl, yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards. When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds, “How do you hear? Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing, but is understanding. We need to listen to what is said and unsaid, and also how it is said.

It's important to hear what people say accurately. As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug (萤火虫)．” If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately, ask the speakers. At this point you're not evaluating what they say, but just looking for accuracy and understanding. Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say. Why are they saying this now, instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points, instead of something else?