八、法律　法规(Laws & Rules)

【考纲要求】

1、安全与救护（Safety and first aid）

（1）安全守则（Safety rules）

（2）意外（Accidents）

（3）急救（First aid）

（4） 自我保护（Self-protection）

2、交通标志（Traffic signs）

【学习目标】

1．掌握有关法律、法规的基本词汇。

2．掌握情态动词must, mustn't, should, shouldn't 的基本用法。

3．掌握两种基本句型：

（1）should do/be allowed to do sth.; （2）祈使句。

4．听： 能听懂关于法律法规的问题。

5．说： 能简单说出一些交通规则和校规。

6．读写综合： 能读懂校规及行为规范的文章，并且能运用所学的词汇和句型写一篇80个词左右的英语短文。内容可以如下：一些规章制度，遵守规章制度的方法以及原因等等。

重点词汇

政府government　 安全safety 安全的safe 危险的dangerous 重要的important

必要的necessary 严肃的serious 允许allow 强迫force 警告warn

惩罚punish 扰乱disturb 控制control 选择choose 应该should

必须must 禁止mustn't 执照licence 政策policy 责任duty

遵纪follow the rules 守法obey the laws 违反规定break the rules 交通规则traffic rules 校规school rules 允许某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 阻止某人做某事prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 注意pay attention to (doing) 被迫去做某事be made to do sth. 迫使某人做某事make sb. do sth. 值日on duty 处理deal with

重点句型

1．No＋动名词词/Don't do sth.

禁止吸烟。

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2．must do sth.

我们每天都必须穿校服上学。

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3．shouldn't be strict with sb.

家长不应该对孩子太严格。

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4．shouldn't be allowed to do sth.

中学生不允许穿耳洞。

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5．stay away from

年轻人要远离吸烟。

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6．should do sth.

在等公共汽车时，我们应该排队等候。

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7．Please don't do sth.

请不要在公共场所大声喧哗。

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8．It's everyone's duty to do sth.

遵守交通规则是大家的责任。

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一、短文填空

It is said that there are about half of people in China are smoking. Even many middle school students have the __1__ of smoking. Some think it is a kind of fashion; __2__ think that smoking can relax themselves.As we all know, smoking is __3__ for health—smoking causes many __4__. The most serious disease caused by smoking is lung cancer. Every year, thousands of people die because __5__ it. __6__ the same time smoking is a waste of money. Besides, a dangerous fire may be __7__ by careless smokers. It's a pity to learn that one ends in death by smoking. At last, smoking also __8__ harm to the environment, in fact it's a kind of __9__ pollution.

In all, smoking is so dangerous that we should keep __10__ from it.

1．________　　　2.________　　　3.________　　　4.________　　　5.________

6．________　　　7.________　　　8.________　　　9.________　　　10.________

二、 读写综合

A)信息归纳。阅读下面短文，完成信息卡。

New rules and behavior standards(行为规范)for middle school students came out in March. Who are the most excellent students? Middle school uses a new way to decide them. The best students will not only have high marks. They will also be kids who don't dye(染)their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new rules.

Tell the truth, have you ever copied others' homework? Don't do it again. That's not something an honest students should do.

Do more at school. Students should love and care for the environment. Join the Green School Club, you can learn more about environment. When more people work together, it will make great contribution to the school.

Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you discover “Earth Ⅱ” some day. Don't look down on new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them.

Use the Internet carefully. Try not to look at Web pages that are bad for you.

Information Card

B)书面表达。

假如你是一名叫李明(Li Ming)的中学生，看了上述短文，请写一篇作文，内容包括：

1．你觉得这些新规定和新的行为规范怎样；

2．请选取其中两个规定，谈谈你的看法；

3．根据实际提出你认为用来评选优秀学生更好的规定(至少2条。)

作文要求：1.不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名。

2．语句连贯，词数80个左右。

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答案八、法律　法规

重点句型。

1．No smoking./Don't smoke.

2．We must wear school uniforms to school every day.

3．Parents shouldn't be too strict with kids.

4．Middle school students should not be allowed to have their ears pierced.

5．Young people should stay away from smoking.

6．When we are waiting for a bus, we should wait in line.

7．Please don't make a noise in public.

8．It's everyone's duty to obey/follow traffic rules.

一、短文填空。

1．habit　2.others　3.bad　4.diseases　5.of　6.At　7.caused　8.does　9.air　10.away

二、读写综合。

A)信息归纳。

1．Four/4.

2．In March.

3．Loving and caring for the environment.

4．Welcoming them.

5．Using the Internet carefully.Trying not to look at Web pages that are bad for us.

B)书面表达。

I think the new rules and behavior standards are good.They can help students understand how to become excellent students.

I agree that students should use the Internet carefully. If students just concentrate on online games, they will fall behind in their studies.And I also think honesty is the most important for students.So excellent students should tell the truth.

In my opinion, I think excellent students should also be helpful.They should be willing to help others because helping others is helping themselves. What's more, I think health is also very important, so they should love sports and have a healthy lifestyle.