课时作业19　语法(现在完成时和现在完成进行时)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The housing prices________(go) down, but I doubt whether they will remain so.

2．When you are home, give a call to let me know you________(arrive) safely.

3．—When shall we restart our business?

—Not until we________(finish) our plan.

4．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house________(rebuild)．

5．—Hi! We have not seen each other for almost two years.

—I________(work) in a company as a secretary.

6．With the door closed all day long, the headmaster__________(work) on the plan for the new term. He hasn't had his supper yet.

7．Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she________(see) most of the guests before.

8．My brother is an actor. He________(appear) in several films so far.

9．The telephone________(ring) four times in the last hour, and each time it________(be) for my roommate.

10．—Do you know the Summer Palace at all?

—No, it is the first time I________(come) here.

答案与解析

1．have gone　考查动词时态。句意：房价已经下降了，但是我怀疑是否会这样保持下去。说话时价格已经降了，动作已经完成，而且降价肯定对现在甚至以后造成了影响，因此用现在完成时。

2．have arrived　考查动词时态。句意：当你到家的时候，给我打个电话让我知道你已经安全到家了。

3．have finished　考查动词时态。句意：——什么时候我们再开始我们的生意？——到完成我们的计划时。在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，此处为until引导的时间状语从句，故用现在完成时。此句完整的句子是We shan't restart our business until we have finished our plan。

4．is being rebuilt　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用现在进行时态，且house与动词rebuild之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。

5．have been working　由时间状语for almost two years可知应该是现在完成时，此处强调动作的持续，用现在完成进行时。

6．has been working　由第二句知，“work”这一动作现在仍在进行，可能还会继续下去。现在完成进行时表示一个动作从过去持续到现在并有可能继续下去。

7．had seen　句意：Sofia看了看四周所有的人。她印象中她以前见过这些客人中的大多数。设空处所缺的动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前，同时有时间状语before，故用过去完成时。

8．has appeared　考查动词时态。句意：我弟弟是个演员，到现在为止，他已经演了好几部电影了。句中有时间状语so far，意为“迄今为止；到现在为止”，可确定用现在完成时。

9．has rung；was　考查动词时态。句意：电话在一个小时里响了四次，每次都是找我室友的。句中有时间状语in the last hour，所以用现在完成时表示已经完成的动作；每次都是找我室友的，说的是过去的情况，因此用一般过去时。

10．have come　考查动词时态。句意：——你了解颐和园吗？——不了解。这是我第一次到这里来。It is/was the first/second...time that sb.have/had done sth.是表达“这是某人第几次做某事”的固定说法，在time后的定语从句中要用完成形式，由于主句用一般现在时，故用现在完成时。

Ⅱ.改错

1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine.

________________________________________________________________________

2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.

________________________________________________________________________

3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford?

________________________________________________________________________

4. It's a good job. Have you done it all by yourself?

________________________________________________________________________

5. It's a long time since you come to see me.

________________________________________________________________________

6. Alice didn't see much of Henry lately.

________________________________________________________________________

7. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.

________________________________________________________________________

答案

1. are→have been

2. have been drinking→have drunk

3. have→had

4. Have you done→Did you do

5. come→came

6. didn't seen→hasn't seen

7. passed→have passed

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

Welcome to the York Fun Club!

The York Fun Club provides opportunities for group travel at a fair price. Both domestic (国内的) and international trips are available. Day trips to theatre productions and stage shows are among the most popular and frequent activities.

Local dinner parties with music are offered several times each year. Our activities are suitable for people aged 55＋， but anyone interested in group travel is welcome. The York Fun Club requires no membership fee.

Our office is in the York News Times office building at 4th Street & Platte Avenue. Join us and see how much fun the York Fun Club travelers have!

Schedule

The York Fun Club's new phone number is 402－745－6477. Office hours are 9∶00 am—12∶00 am on weekdays.

2017 Activities

Thursday, May 19—“Under the Streetlight” at Omaha Holland Center. The performance is a celebration of classic American pop and rock ‘n’ roll hits from the 1950s to the 1970s. $96 with dinner.

Wednesday, June 8—“Henry Doorly Zoo and More”. It includes zoo admission, the zoo tram (电车)，and also a visit to Honey Creek Creamery to enjoy goat milking and cheese making. Dinner at Omaha Bohemian Cafe. $88.

Thursday, August 4—“Fun Day in Kearney”. It includes a tour and lunch at the historic Frank House, a tour of Classic Car Collection, dinner at Valentino's plus the musical Oklahoma at Merryman Theatre. $92.

Friday, November 11—Saturday, November 19—“Cruising the Hawaiian Islands”. We'll board the Norwegian Cruise Line's Pride of America in Honolulu. Stops include the islands of Maui and Kauai and the communities of Hilo and Kona on the big island. Prices are variable depending on cabin categories (种类)．

1．According to the text, a person who joins the York Fun Club________．

A. can travel abroad in a group

B. can enjoy free domestic trips

C. just needs to pay a fair membership fee

D. can enjoy local dinner parties every day

2．If you'd like to join an activity with two meals, you should choose________．

A. Under the Streetlight

B. Henry Doorly Zoo and More

C. Cruising the Hawaiian Islands

D. Fun Day in Kearney

3. The underlined word “variable” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by “________”．

A. acceptable 　　　　　　B. reliable

C. different D. average

4．What's the author's purpose of writing the text?

A. To share. B. To advertise.

C. To amuse. D. To instruct.

答案与解析

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了The York Fun Club的相关信息。

1．A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The York Fun Club provides opportunities for group travel at a fair price.Both domestic and international trips are available可知，该俱乐部的成员可以参加出国旅游团队，故选A项。

2．D　细节理解题。根据文中的信息可知。只有八月四日的Fun Day in Kearney这一活动提供两顿餐，即午餐和晚餐，故选D项。

3．C　词义猜测题。根据划线词之后的描述．..depending on cabin categories可推断出，因为价格取决于船舱的种类，所以船舱不同价格则不同。

4．B　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了The York Fun Club的相关信息，再根据第三段的Join us and see how much fun the York Fun Club travelers have！可推断出本文是为了宣传The York Fun Club。

B

While sweet treats can be hard to say “no” to, the World Health Organization (WHO) has set new guidelines (准则) for people around the world. The guidelines advise that both adults and children eat less sugar to stay healthy. According to the WHO, reducing daily sugar intake “reduces the risk of overweight, obesity, and tooth decay (蛀牙)”．

The guidelines do not apply to the sugars in fresh fruits and vegetables or those that are naturally present in milk. According to the WHO, there is no reported evidence of bad effects of taking in those sugars. Instead, the new guidelines focus on “added” or “free” sugars. These include sugars that are added to certain foods and drinks such as donuts, cookies, candy, and soft drinks.

Added sugars are sometimes described as “hidden” sugars because they exist in foods we might not think of as sweets, such as honey. Health experts advise that people look at ingredients on food packages (包装) to help make better decisions.

The WHO suggests that people in the United States, Europe, and other Western societies should cut their average sugar intake by about two thirds, or down to just 10% of their total calories. For developing countries, the WHO suggests that sugar intake be reduced to 5%.

In the U．S., adults now get about 11 to 15% of their calories from added, sugars. Children usually get even more. In Europe, sugar intake varies by country. For adults in Hungary and Norway, it is about 7%. In Spain and the United Kingdom, sugar makes up as much as 17% of adults' diets. The WHO reports that for children in Europe, sugar intake can be much higher, ranging from about 12% in Denmark, Slovenia, and Sweden, to nearly 25% in Portugal.

1．According to Paragraph 1, reducing daily sugar intake is________．

A. dangerous B. important

C. difficult D. unnecessary

2．Which of the following belong(s) to “hidden” sugars?

A. Sugars in full cream milk.

B. Sugars in fresh fruits.

C. Honey added to food.

D. Sugars in fresh vegetables.

3．It's implied in Paragraph 4 that people in Western societies________．

A. don't really like sweet foods

B: are careful about their diets

C. are worried about their health

D. have a high average sugar intake

4．In which country do children take in the most sugar on average?

A. Slovenia. B. Denmark.

C. Portugal. D. Sweden.

答案与解析

世界卫生组织颁发了新的准则。号召人们减少糖的摄取量。

1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的．..reducing daily sugar intake“reduces the risk of overweight，obesity，and tooth decay可推知，因为减少糖的摄取量可以减少患病的危险，所以很重要。

2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的．..because they exist in foods we might not think of as sweets，such as honey可知，这里是指人工添加进食品里的含糖食物，故选C。

3．D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的The WHO suggests that people in the United States，Europe，and other Western societies should cut their average sugar intake by about two thirds...可推知，西方国家人们的糖平均摄取量过高。

4．C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的The WHO reports that for children in Europe，sugar intake can be much higher，ranging from about 12% in Denmark，Slovenia，and Sweden，to nearly 25% in Portugal可知，这几个国家中，葡萄牙儿童的糖摄取量最高。

C

The Science Learning Centre in London asked 11，000 pupils for their views on science and scientists. Around 70% of the questioned pupils said they did not see scientists as “normal young and attractive men and women.”The research examined why fewer students chose science as their major in universities.

Researchers Roni Malek and Fani Stylianadou are completing their research in April but have studied around half the results so far. They found that around 80% of pupils thought that scientists did very “important work”， and 70% thought that they worked “creatively and imaginatively”. Only 40% said they thought that scientists did “boring and unchanging work”. Over three quarters of the pupils thought that scientists were “really brainy people”．

The research is working as part of Einstein Year. The pupils, who would not like to be scientists, said, “You would always be depressed and tired and not have time for family，”and “they all wear big glasses and white coats, but I don't want to be like that.”

Dr Stylianadou said：“These results are worrying for UK science but there is still hope. Young people see science as important and exciting. They don't just want to do it themselves.”

“If we can keep young people positive about science and help them to see the full range of scientific careers, more of them may realise that a career in science can be satisfying—even for them.”

The number of people taking A­level physics dropped by 34% between 1991 and 2004. The decrease in the number of people taking chemistry over the same period was 16%. The number of students taking math also dropped by 22%.

1．The underlined word “brainy” in Paragraph 2 means

“________”．

A．hairy B．intelligent

C．crazy D．happy

2．According to the passage, most pupils regarded scientists as ________．

A．attractive men and women

B．strange and unattractive

C．boring, proud and brainy

D．not being humourous

3．Which of the following subjects has the biggest decrease in the number of students in this passage?

A．Math. B．Finance.

C．Physics. D．Chemistry.

4．Dr Stylianadou said that there was still hope because

________．

A．most youths value scientific jobs

B．the situation is improving

C．there are one fourth pupils admiring scientists

D．the public are paying more attention to this

答案与解析

1．B　根据第二段最后一句可知，应选B。超过四分之三的学生认为科学家是智商高的人。

2．B　根据第一段第二句可知。

3．C　根据最后一段内容可知，物理学科比例下降34%，化学下降16%，数学下降22%，财经没有提及。

4．A　根据第四段Dr Stylianadou 的话可知。