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    牛津英语7A语法[1]

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    牛津英语7A语法(一一般过去时的构成及用法
    1）一般过去时的形式:
    动词be:第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was,其余的人称一律用were。
    动词have:一律用had,没有人称和数的变化。
    行为动词：一律用过去式，没有人称和数的变化，行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。肯定否定
    Iwas...Iwasnot...Youwere...Youwerenot...
    He/She/Itwasnot...动词He/She/Itwas...
    WebeWe
    Youwere...Youwerenot...TheyTheyIIYouYou
    He/She/It动词He/She/It
    had...hadnot...
    WehaveWe
    YouYouTheyTheyIIYouYou
    行为动
    He/She/ItHe/She/It
    studied...didnotstudy...词
    WeWe
    (study
    YouYouTheyThey
    行为动词的过去时的否定式，要使用助动词do的过去式否定式didnot，后面的谓语动词要还用原形。在非正式语如口语中。didnot可用紧缩形式didn’t。
    一般疑问和简略回答
    一般疑问简略回答
    Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Wereyou...?
    动词
    Washe...?Yes,hewas.
    beWerethey...?No,hewasnot.
    Yes,theywere.

    No,theywerenot.Yes,Ihad.No,Ihadnot.
    Hadyou...?
    Yes,hehad.动词
    Hadhe...?
    No,hehadnot.haveHadthey...?
    Yes,theyhad.No,theyhadnot.Yes,Idid.
    Didyoustudy...?No,Ididnot.
    行为动词
    Yes,hedid.Didhestudy...?
    (studyDidtheystudy...?No,hedidnot.Yes,theydid.
    No,theydidnot.
    注意：wasnot,werenot,hadnot和didnot可以分别缩写成wasn’t,weren’t,hadn’t和didn’t。特殊疑问句回答
    Wherewasshe?Shewasathome.动词be
    Whendidyoustudy
    Istudieditlastyear.行为动词(study
    English?
    2行为动词的一般过去式：
    行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词的过去式是在动词原形后加-ed构成。构成及读法如下表：
    以重读闭音节或r音
    以辅音字母节结尾而末尾只有
    在动词后以e结尾的
    +y结尾的动一个辅音字母的动
    加动词后加
    词先将y变词，双辅音字母后再
    -ed-d
    为i再加-ed加-ed（以x结尾的词
    除外
    hopedstopped,mapped在清辅音后读worked
    ---
    helpedliked[t]
    believedstudiedplanned在元音和浊辅stayed
    calledlivedtriedreferred音后读[d]
    permitted,admitted在辅音t,d后wanted
    ------needed读[id]
    3一般过去时的用法：

    a.表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：
    yesterday,lastweek,threedaysago,in1998等，或与由when引导的从句。eg.Isawhimyesterday.
    Sheboughtthebiketwoyearsago.Hewastherejustnow.
    Wheredidyoulivewhenyouwereyoung?
    b.也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作。句子中常带有everyday,often,usually,always,sometimes等时间状语。eg.WhenIstudiedintheuniversity,Ireadaloudeverymorning.
    InthepastfewyearsIusuallywenttouringduringmysummervocations.在过去的几年里，每逢暑假我总是出去旅游。
    c.也可以用“usedto+动词原形”表示过去经常或反复的动作。eg.Weusedtogetupearly.我以前总是早起。（意指现在不早起了）
    跟踪练习
    练习一：选用恰当的时态，用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
    LastyearMr.Smith_____(gotoChinaandJapan.He_____(haveawonderfultime.He_____(doalotofdifferentthingsand_____(talktoagreatnumberofdifferentpeople.He_____(eatChineseandJapanesefoodand_____(visitalotofinterestingplaces.Whenhe_____(gobacktoEngland,he_____(beverytired.
    练习二：句型转换：写出下列各句的否定形式（在可能的地方用紧缩形式），
    1.ProfessorJenningstaughtthemEnglishin1990.
    2.Tomhadawonderfultimeinxi’an.
    3.Maryfoundherkeysinherbedroom.
    4.XiaoWang’sparentslivedinShanghaitenyearsago.
    5.JanewenttotheGreatwalltwoorthreetimes.
    练习三：用词的适当形式填空
    1.Heatesomebreadand_________(drinksomemilk.
    2.________he__________(finishhishomeworklastnight?

    3.I__________(betiredyesterday.
    4.I___________(gainArtsdegreelastyear.
    5.What_________you___________(doateighto’clocklastnight?6.Mygrandfather_________(leaveHongkongforNewYorkin1998.7.What_______you________(dothistimeyesterday?
    练习四：单选
    (1.______you________atsixo’clockyesterday?
    A.Do,getupB.Did,getupC.Do,gotupD.Did,gotup(2.Whatdidyousee_________?
    A.nowB.everydayC.since1990D.justnow(3.Hewentintotheroomand_______thedoor.A.lockB.lockingC.locksD.locked
    (4.--What_____you_______lastweek?--Iboughtabag.A.did,buyB.did,boughtC.do,buyD.do,bought(5.--_____he____hislunch?--Yes,hedid.
    A.Have,hadB.Had,hasC.Did,haveD.Did,had
    练习五：用词的适当形式填空
    Aweekago,KittyandBen_________(beinthecountryside.Atfirst,thewind_________(blowlightly.Theleaves___________(blewslightlyinthewind.They________(flytheirkitehappilyinthegentlebreeze.Suddenly,thewind________(becomestronger.Thecloudsinthesky_______(movequickly.Leaves________(fallfromtrees.ThestringonBen’skite_________(break.Theskybecamedark.KittyandBen________(gohomeimmediately.KittyandBen________(stayathome.They__________(watchTV.Thewindbecamemuchstronger.It_________(blowfiercely.Itbecameatyphoon.Treesfelldown.Shipsandboats__________(sinkinthebigwaves.Thetyphoon_______(passquickly.Thewindbecamegentler.Thebigclean-up________(beginimmediately.KittyandBenwentoutsideagain.
    练习六：用词的适当形式填空
    1.LastweekI_______(buyanewbike.2.He________(beherejustnow.
    3.He__________(notfindhiskeylastnight.
    4.Myfather__________(drinkalotofwineyesterday.
    5.________you________(finishyourhomeworkyesterday?6.I________(eatsomeeggsandbreadinthismorning.7.Hermother__________(notgivethegirlanypresent.

    8._______you______(doyourhouseworklastnight?
    9.What_________you_________(drawonthatpaperjustnow?10.Howmanypens________you_________(bringyesterday?
    练习七：按要求写句子
    1.Ididn’tbuyanybooks.(改成肯定句I______________________books.
    2.Hebrokethewindowjustnow.（改成一般疑问句）__________he_________thewindowjustnow?3.Thewindblowgently.（改成过去时）Thewind_________________.
    4.Ididmyhomework（改成否定式）I__________________myhomework.
    5.Theteacherbeginherclassateighto’clock.（改成过去时）Theteacher________herclassateighto’clock.
    6.Ifoundthebookontheground.（就划线部分提问）_________________you_________thebook?
    参考答案：
    一．wenthaddidtalkedatevisitedwentwas
    二．didn’tteachdidn’thavedidn’tfinddidn’tlivedidn’tgo三．drank/Did,finish/was/gained/did,do/left/did,do四．BDDAC
    五．wereblewblewflewbecamemovedfellbrokewentstayedwatchedblewsankpassedbegan
    六．boughtwasdidn’tfindDid,finishatedidn’tgiveDid,dodid,drawdid,bring七．bought,some/Did,break/blew,gently/didn’tdo/began/Wheredid,find

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