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    小学英语语法分类总复习

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    小学英语语法总复习（一）------名词
    名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。可数名词可用数字来计算，有单、复数形式，不可数名词不能用数字来计算，没有复数形式。 一、可数名词单数变复数规则
    1．一般情况，直接在名词后加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, foot-foots 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾的词，在词尾加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾得词，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, baby-babies 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives,wife-wives 5．不规则名词复数：
    man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese,
    Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数

    I _______ him _______ this _______ her ______ watch ______child ______that
    photo
    小学英语总复习（二）------介词 下面就时间概念的介词用法做一简要介绍和比较。 1．
    at (1表示时间概念的某一个点。（在具体的某一时刻和时段等）。 at night at 6:00

    (2表示在某一具体地点（小地点）。如at the bus stop ,at home 2． on

    (1 在······上面（表面接触；长在上面）。如on the chair,on the tree (2在某天的上午、下午或晚上。如:on Monday ,on Tueday moring 3．in

    （1）在······里面。如：in the box （2）在一段时间里。如:in the
    moring （3）在某一年份、季节、月份。如：in 2014，in October,in summer （4）在······上（外来）如：There is a cat in the tree. 4．after （1）在······之后（时间）。如：I often play football school . (2在······后面(位置。如：I can run after
    you . 口诀（时间介词）
    年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。 要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
    at也用在时分前，说“差”可要用上to， 说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，
    莫让岁月空蹉跎。
    口诀（方位介词） in在······里，out在······外，在旁边的是beside，靠近的为by， on在······上，under在·······下，over在······上头，below在底下。

    1 day_______sandwich________ boy_______dress ________tooth_______ sheep______box_______man______woman_______toy family

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    词 语 练 习
    一、介词填空
    1、_______ the school playground 2、 _________ Wednesday 3、 a lot _______ fruit trees 4、live _________ a town

    5、 look ______ them 7、________ New Year 6、
    _________ Christmas Day

    小学英语总复习（三）------代词
    一、人称代词和物主代词
    1、人称代词有主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
    2、物主代词有形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

    人称代词 物主代词
    主格
    我 你，你们 他 她 它 我们
    I you he she it we 宾格 me you him her it us them 我的 你的，你们的 他的 她的 它的 我们的
    形容词名词性
    性 my mine your his her its our yours his hers its ours theirs 他（她，它）们
    they 他（她，它）们 their 的
    二、指示代词
    共有四个：this,that,these,those。this 和that 用于指代单数，these和 those用于指代复数。 三、疑问代词
    一般用来构成特殊疑问句，常见的疑问代词有who（谁）,when什么时候）,where（哪里）,what（什么）,how（怎样） ,which（哪一个）等等。

    小学英语总复习（四）------形容词 形容词比较级和最高级变化规则:
    构成 原级 比较级 最高级
    双音节单词
    单音节和少数

    一般词尾加-er, -est tall long old small taller longer older smaller tallest longest oldest smallest
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    以字母e结尾的形容词或副词,直接加-r,-st nice fine large big hot fat thin heavy busy early easy nicer finer larger bigger hotter fatter thinner heavier busier earlier easier nicest finest largest biggest hottest fattest thinnest heaviest busiest earliest easiest 以重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该字母,再加-er,-est 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词或副词，把y变为i，再加-er,-est 不规则变化的形容词:
    little / few（原形） - less （比较级）- least（最高级） good（原形） - better（比较级） - best（最高级） bad （原形） - worse（比较级） - worst（最高级）
    小学英语总复习（五）------一般现在时
    (一一般现在时的基本用法; 1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，（alway, usually, sometime, never, every day, every week，······
    如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
    2.表示客观现实和普遍的真理。如：The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 3.表示主语的特征、能力、职业、性格。
    如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。My mother is a teacher .我妈妈是位老师。 （二）一般现在时的构成： 1. be动词：
    ①肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are+其它。如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 ②否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
    ③一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 2. 行为动词：
    ①肯定句：主语+行为动词(+其它。 如： We study English. 我们学习英语。
    （当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语）

    ②否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't +动词原形(+其它。 如： I don't like bread. （当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如： He doesn't often play.） ③一般疑问句：Do( Does +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?
    - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.。
    （三）一般现在时动词第三人称单数形式变化规则：

    1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：look-looks, play--plays 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如： wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies, fly--flies 另外，还有一些特殊情况，需熟记。如：have—has 小学英语总复习（六）------现在进行时 现在进行时：现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

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    现在进行时由be+动词ing构成
    ①肯定句 基本结构：主语+be+ 动词ing. 如： I am watching TV. ②否定句 基本结构：主语+be not + 动词ing.如： I am not watching TV. ③一般疑问句 基本结构： be动词 +主语 +动词ing? 如： Are you watching TV? Yes , I am./ No, I am not. ④特殊疑问句 基本结构：疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing? 如：What are you doing?

    但疑问词当主语时，其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing? 如：Who is watching TV? 动词加ing（动词现在分词）的变化规则
    动词现在分词构成：动词原形+ing，规则如下： ① 一般情况下直接加ing
    think---thinking sleep---sleeping send---sending speak---speaking ②以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e，再加ing
    come---coming make---making leave---leaving have---having take---taking
    ③ 以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节）结尾，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing
    stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running skip---skipping 这类词还有：get, run, set, swim, drop 等。
    小学英语总复习（七）------一般将来时
    一般将来时：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示打算、计划或准备做某事。
    常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 一般将来时的用法和结构; ⑴肯定句:

    ①主语+will+ 动词原形+其它.

    如：I will go to the park tomorrow. ②主语+be going to + 动词原形+其它

    如：I am going to go to the park tomorrow. be going to = will I will go to the park tomorrow. = I am going to go to the park tomorrow. ⑵否定句：
    在be动词（am, is, are）后加not，情态动词will后加not(will not=won’t。
    例如：I will have a picnic this afternoon.→ I won’t going to have a picnic this afternoon. ⑶一般疑问句：

    把be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 I will go to the park tomorrow.-----Will you go to the park tomorrow? ⑷ 特殊疑问句
    1、问人疑问词为(Who

    例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon. 2. 问某人要去干什么疑问词为(What.
    例如：My father is going to watch TV this afternoon. →What is your father going to do this afternoon? 3. 问某人去哪里疑问词为（where）
    He’s going to have a picnic in the park. ------ Where is he going to have a picnic? 4．问某人什么时候去疑问词为（when）

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    例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 小学英语总复习（八）------一般过去时
    一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
    常用的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday , last year /month/week/night, just now, ago. 一般过去时的句型结构; ⑴谓语动词为be动词的句型结构
    ① 肯定句：主语+be动词过去式+其它

    如：Mr Li was a teacher ten years ago. ②否定句：主语+be动词过去式+not+其它 如：
    如：Mr Li was not a teacher ten years ago. ③be动词过去式+主语+其它
    如：Was Mr Li a teacher ten years ago? ⑵一般过去时be动词的变化：
    ①am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t） ②are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
    ③带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
    ⑵谓语动词是实义动词的句型结构
    ①肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它 如： Jim went home yesterday. ②否定句：主语+didn’t +动词原形？ 如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday. ③一般疑问句： Did+主语+动词原形？ 如：Did Jim go home yesterday? ④ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

    如： What did Jim do
    yesterday? 当疑问词做主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went
    home yesterday? （3）动词过去式变化规则：
    1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：play—played, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：like—liked 3．以重读闭音节结尾，先双写末尾的辅音字母，在加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不规则动词过去式：
    am, is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, swim-swam, sit-sat

    小学英语总复习（九）
    ------There be 句型与have, has的区别
    1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
    2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定（就近原则）。
    3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、there be句型与have(has 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has 表示某人拥有某物。
    5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
    7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？


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    语法练习题 写出下列各词的复数
    I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary _____ day________ foot_book_______ dress ______tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry ____ peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______ man______ woman_______ 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
    drink ________ go _____ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____come________ watch______ plant_______ fly _______ study_______ brush________ do_____ teach_______wash___ 用恰当的be动词填空。
    1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 2. ______ your brother in the classroom? 3. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 4. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 5. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I? 13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14. Here ______ a scarf for you. 15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass. 20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 21. My sister's name ______Nancy. 22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. 23. ______ David and Helen from England? 24. There ______ a girl in the room. 25. There ______ some apples on the tree. 27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _______ some bread on the plate. 29. There ______a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I ______ from China. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
    1. He often ________(have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch TV on Monday.


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    4. Nick _______(not go to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like cooking 12. They _______(have the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do your homework well. 15. I _______(be ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be it today? － It’s Saturday 一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
    play_______run_______swim ______make______ go______like_______ write_______ski__________read________ have______ sing ________ dance_________ put_______ see________ buy ______love______ live_______ take____
    come _____ get______ stop______sit ______begin_______shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
    1.The boy __________________ ( drawa picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( singin the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook some nice food now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do
    now? 5. Look . They _______________( have an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _________________(dance in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She ______________(listen to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(havesupper now 10.______Helen____________(wash clothes? Yes ,she is . 一.填写代词表主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词。
    I it we you his hers your them 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
    1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she 3. Is this _________ watch? (you No, it’s not _________ . ( I

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    4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he
    5. _________ dresses are red. (we What colour are _________? ( you 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she
    7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you 8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they 9. I have a beautiful cat. ______name is Mimi. These cakes are ___. ( it
    10. Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they 11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we
    12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she 13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he
    14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they 15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! 16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she
    17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we
    18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they 19. May I sit beside _________? ( you
    20. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he 21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she 二、按照要求改写句子。
    1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句 ___________________________________________________ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ________________________________________________________ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答 ___________________________ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ______________________________________ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句 _______________________________________________________ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句 ___________________________________________________ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问 ________________________________________________________ 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问 ___________________________________________________ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 ________________________________________________________ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句 ___________________________________________________ 三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上
    1. Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
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    5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
    三、句型转换：
    1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 _____________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答 ___________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问 _______________________________________________________4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问 ____________________________________________________________ 练习：填空。
    1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
    I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
    What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?I _____ _____ _____ play basketball.
    What _________ you do next Monday?I ________ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
    _____ your mother ______ _______ go shopping this __________? Yes, she ______. She _____ _______ ________ buy some fruit. 4.你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
    5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） 6. Nancy ________ going to go camping. 6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them. 7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_______ _______ she _______ ________ _________ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上 _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
    11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _______________ (go to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often ______________(go to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch TV and ________(catch insects? 15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _______(do this weekend? She ____________(watch TV and _________ (catch insects. 16. What ___________ (d0 you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick apples on a farm. What ______________ (do next Sunday? I ______________ (milk cows. 17. Mary ____________ (visit her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly kites in the playground yesterday. 19. David ______________ (give a puppet show next Monday. 20. I ________________ (plan for my study now. 过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance____
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    ____worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习
    一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
    1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday. 3. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 5. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited. 一、用动词的适当形式填空。
    1. I ______ (watch a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read a newspaper last night. 3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go 4. ______ you _______ (visit your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I ____________ (sweep the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 8. What ______ she _______ (find in the garden last morning? She __________ (find a beautiful butterfly. 过去时综合练习（1）
    一、 用动词的适当形式填空。
    1. It ______ (be Ben’s birthday last Friday. 2. We all ______ (have a good time last night. 3. He ________ (jump high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen ________ (milk a cow on Friday. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read 6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play 7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant trees just now.
    8. _______ they ________ (sweep the floor on Sunday? No, they _____. 9. I _______ (watch a cartoon on Monday. 10. We ___________ (go to school on Sunday. 过去时综合练习
    一、用动词的适当形式填空。
    1. It _____ (be the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go to his office by
    car. 2. Gao Shan ________ (put the book on his head a moment ago. 3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean 4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do 5. They _________ (make a kite a week ago. 6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick 7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water 8. She ____ (be a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do Chinese dances. 9. The students often _________ (draw some pictures in the art room. 10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk



    10

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