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2021年广州增城区新塘中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Amidthecoronavirusoutbreak,theU.S.DepartmentofHomelandSecurityrecommendshavingatleastatwo-weeksupplyofwaterandfood.
Potatoes
Shelflife：2to5weeksifstoredinacool,dry,darkplace
YukonGold,red,andfingerlingpotatoeswilllastfromtwotothreeweeks.Largerwhitepotatoescanlastforthreetofiveweeks.Sweetpotatoeshaveaboutthesameshelflife.Don'tstorethemnexttoonions,however.Thetwomightgotogetherwellincooking,butraw,eachgivesoffgasesandmoisturethatmightcausetheothertospoilfaster.
Tea
※Shelflife：6to12monthspast"sell-by"date
Driedtealeaves,whetherloose(inasealedcontainerorinteabags(inanunopenedboxcaneasilylastayearormoreifthey'renotsubjectedtodamporhumidity.However,theteadoestendtoloseflavorovertime.
Peanuts
●Shelflife：1to2months
Peanutsintheirshell,especiallywhenkeptcoolanddry,areperfectlyhappyinthecupboardforaslongastwomonths.
Cannedfruitsandvegetables
●Shelflife：1to2yearspast"sell-by”date
Canningisanextremelyefficientmeansofpreservingfood.Generallyspeaking,ifcannedfoodsaren'tsubjectedtoextremeheat,theircontentsshouldstaygoodfortwoyearsormore.Beaware,however,ofdentedcansorthosewithswollentops,whichmayindicatethepresenceofbacteriainside.1.Whichcangobadfasterifstoredwithonions?A.Potatoes.B.Tea.
C.Peanuts.D.Cannedfruitsandvegetables.2.Whatisspecialabouttea?

A.Theflavorofteacanalwaysremainthesame.B.Tealeavesarebettertobepreservedinanopenjar.C.Tealeavesshouldbekeptawayfromthestateofbeingwet.D.Themaximumlengthoftimethatteacanbestoredis6months.3.Whatmayshortenthe"sell-by”dateofcannedfoods?A.Shapesofcans.B.Categoriesoffoods.
C.Declineofthetemperature.D.Exposuretohightemperature.
B
JakeOldershawandhisdaughterMolliefromBirmingham,Britainhaveasthma(哮喘.Mollie,11,hasrequiredhospitaltreatmentseveraltimeswhileJakeSayshealwaysfindsbreathingmoredifficultwhenthereisheavytraffic.Airqualityhasanenormousimpactontheirlivesandbothnoticedamarkedimprovementduringthespringlockdownbecauseoftheepidemic(疫情.Jakesaid,“Duringlockdowntherewasanoticeabledifferenceinairquality.Ididn'tsufferanyasthmaticattacksduringthatperiod.Thesedaysyoucanfeeltheeffects.”
However,undercurrentCOVID-19restrictionsintheUKthiswinter,manypeopleprobablywillhavetoworkfromhome.TheEnergyandClimateIntelligenceUnit(ECIUsayswhileemissions(排放havedroppedthisyearbecausewe'vebeentravellinglessanddoingless,theexpecteduseofgasboilerstoprovideheatingandhotwatercouldrisebymorethanhalf.
Heatingaccountsfornearly37%oftheUK'stotalcarbonemissions.ModellingbytheECIUsuggestsa56%increaseinboilerusagethiswinterresultingina12%increaseinemissionsofcarbon.TheECIUsaysthat'senoughtooffsetthelasttwoyears'worthofprogressonreducingtrafficemissions.
JessRalston,authoroftheanalysisfortheECIU,said,“Workingfromhomeandhavingincreasedgasuseinthehomecouldbereallycriticalforairpollutionandalsoclimatechange.Thewayweheatourhomesneedstochangeifwearetogettonetzeroby2050.”
JessRalstonsaid,“Theincreaseinpollutionfromgasboilersexpectedthiswinterprovidesagraphicillustration(图解oftheirforgottenroleinairpollution.Anditisarolesettocontinuewithoutpracticalpoliciestodecarbonizehomeheating.”
ThegovernmentissettopublishitsHeatandBuildingsDecarbonisationStrategyinafewweekswhichisexpectedtogivedetailsonplanstotrytoswitchBritishhomestocleanersourcesofheat.4.HowdidthespringlockdownintheUKaffectJake?

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