Day 13 Feb, 9, 2020

第一部分 专题讲解：语法填空—2

2.有提示词类必考点(二)——非谓语动词

分析句子所缺少的成分，以便选择恰当的形式。非谓语动词在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语。理解非谓语动词的句法功能是判断非谓语形式的关键。

(一)作目的状语时用不定式，且只能用不定式的一般式

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.

解析：to see　句意：你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就见到效果。不定式短语to see作目的状语。

(二)作伴随状语、方式状语和结果状语时用现在分词

(2018·江苏高考改编)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.

解析：exceeding　句意：在这段时期大约创造了13 500个新工作，超过了市场分析家认为的12 000 的预期数字。分析句子结构可知，were created是谓语，空处应用非谓语动词形式。再结合语境可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。

(三)作介词的宾语时用动名词

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________(die) early by running.

解析：dying　reduce one’s risk of ... “降低某人……的风险”，此处介词of后跟动名词形式， 故填dying。

(四)缺少主语常用动词ing 形式

(2018·北京高考改编) (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.

解析：Traveling/To travel　句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一种有趣且有益的体验。分析句子结构可知，空处所在短语在句中作主语，应用动名词或动词不定式形式。

(五)非谓语动词作表语修饰物时用v.ing，修饰人时用v.ed 形式

(2018·河南八市重点高中二次质检)I felt hopeless and alone, and more (depress) than I knew was possible.

解析：depressed　句意：我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作felt的表语，故填depressed。

牢记非谓语动词的一些固定搭配和句型公式，再分析句式结构，结合语境对非谓语动词就能迎刃而解。

(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.

解析：looking　句意：我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”，avoid后接动名词作宾语。

解答非谓语动词题的关键是弄清楚非谓语动词与主句主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系，主谓关系考虑v.ing形式，动宾关系考虑v.ed形式。

(2018·北京高考改编)Ordinary soap, (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.

解析：used　句意：普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，能有效地处理细菌。分析句子结构可知，此处是条件状语从句if it is used correctly的省略，省略了if it is，Ordinary soap与use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填used。

通过6组易混示例，理清谓语动词和非谓语动词

[题组一]

[题组二]

[题组三]

[题组四]

[题组五]

[题组六]

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

With a 24-hour front desk, Parc Hôtel offers a garden, a terrace(阳台)and rooms with a flat-screen TV. Free Wi-Fi access is provided. All rooms feature carpeted floors, a desk and a private bathroom with a shower. A buffet(自助的)breakfast is served every morning and it can be enjoyed in the comfort of the guest rooms. Guests are able to enjoy traditional dishes at the hotel’s restaurant before having a drink at the bar. Parc Hôtel is 13km from Thumeries Golf Course and 25km from Lille. The Belgium border is 31km away and free private parking is available. It also has one of the best locations in Carvin! Guests are happier about it compared to other hotels in the area. It is also rated for the best value in Carvin! Guests are getting more for their money when compared to other hotels in this city. We speak your language! Parc Hôtel has been welcoming Booking.com guests since 19 Oct. 2012.

21. At what time do you have to check out if you want to leave the hotel?

A. At 6am. B. At 8am. C. At 1pm. D. At 7pm.

22. How much extra money do you have to pay if you stay in a room without a baby bed three days with your one-year-old son?

A. EUR 11. B. EUR 22. C. EUR 33. D. EUR 44.

23. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Some information about the hotel.

B. What language we speak at the hotel.

C. How we book the hotel.

D. The location about the hotel.

B

When the Christ Child was born, all people, animals, trees, and other plants felt that great happiness had come into the world. Every day people came to see the sweet Babe and they thought that they would like to give presents to the Child. The Palm(棕榈树)said, “I will choose my biggest leaf and place it as a fan to wave soft air to the Child.” The Olive said, “I will sprinkle sweet-smelling oil over him.”

“What can I give to the Child?” asked the Fir. “You? You have nothing to offer. Your needles would stab the Babe, and your tears are sticky”, said the others. This made the poor Fir very unhappy indeed, and it said, sadly, “Yes, you are right. I have nothing that would be good enough to offer to the Christ Child.”

Now, quite near to the trees stood an Angel, who heard what they said. He was moved to pity the Fir and decided to help it. High in the dark of the heavens the stars were beginning to winkle, and the Angel begged some of the little ones to come down and rest upon the branches of the Fir. They were glad to do this, and their silvery light shone among the branches just like Christmas candles. To its delight, the Fir Tree saw the face of the Babe with a happy smile as he looked upon the twinkling lights.

The Christ Child did not forget the lovely sight, and from then on, he ordered that on his birthday a Fir Tree should be placed in every house, which might be lit up with candles to shine for the children as the stars shone for him on his first birthday. Was not the Fir Tree richly rewarded? Surely there is no other tree that shines on so many happy faces!

24. Why did people visit the Child?

A. They wanted to get some presents from him.

B. They wanted to ask him for help.

C. He brought happiness to the world.

D. He liked to play with them.

25. What made the Fir unhappy?

A. Having nothing to give to the Christ Child.

B. Stabbing the Christ Child with its needles.

C. Having sticky tears sticking the Christ Child.

D. Wanting to get some stars from the heaven.

26. What can we learn from the third paragraph?

A. The Fir asked the stars to help it.

B. The Angel was very kind and helpful.

C. The Babe invited the stars to come down.

D. Some big stars came down and help the Fir.

27. What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph?

A. The Fir shone every house with little stars.

B. The Fir gave some candles to the Christ Child.

C. The Christ Child is quite satisfied with the Fir.

D. The Christ Child lit up candles for the children.

C

If you had to guess which direction Apple would be headed in 2019, what might you say? The company’s iPhone business has been stricken because of an economic slowdown and a maturing smartphone market. It’s clear Apple needs to adapt to face new realities.

Some might say the obvious answer is to lower the prices on the iPhone. Others want it to expand its services beyond Apple devices to Android and Windows.

But what’s more likely to happen is this: iPhones will get even more expensive. The evidence for this is already starting to appear. A new report from The Wall Street Journal suggests Apple is going to give its entire 2020 iPhone line OLED screens(有机发光二极管屏幕)—the same very expensive tech currently only found in the iPhone X and XS.

This may seem surprising, but it’s all of a piece with Apple’s strategy: Make high profit, desirable tech, and get the rewards of creating a closed ecosystem.

So Apple wants to focus on the high-end in order to satisfy choosy customers, while also recognizing that in a mature market, people will replace smartphones less often. This means high-profit devices will be key to maintaining a healthy profit, which helps explain the shift to an all-OLED lineup. That shift also allows for more basic design updates, like curved screens or edges.

It is important to note, too, that even though iPhone sales are down, sales for the Apple Watch and iPad are up. For the future, Apple will continue to put more emphasis on those categories. And looking even further out, it is almost certain that Apple will enter new sectors.

Apple has made some mistake policies in recent years. But the company is not down and out. Far from it: By focusing on high-end, high-profit tech, plus services, all while keeping an eye to the future, Apple will likely keep its dominant position for many years to come.

28. What can we know about OLED screens?

A. They haven’t been used by Apple.

B. They will make iPhones expensive.

C. They will let Apple save cost.

D. They have been used in computers.

29. What does Apple think of market?

A. It’s not fully mature.

B. It needs more smartphones.

C. It needs many design updates.

D. Its customers are hard to be satisfied.

30. Which of the following can best describe the future of Apple in the author’s opinion?

A. Uncertain. B. Terrible. C. Concerning. D. Promising.

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. IPhones Will Be More Expensive

B. The Advantages Apples Will Have

C. IPhones Will Work Harder

D. Apple Is Facing Difficulty

D

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released a report stating that the world is quickly running out of time to keep global warming below 1.5 degrees Celsius. To get there, the world would have to cut current emissions by 45 percent by 2030. That sounds absurdly unlikely.

But before we give in to despair, we should remember that the technology to address climate change is going along at high speed. The largest source of U.S. carbon emissions is transportation, and a Green New Deal for motor vehicles would be quite straightforward.

The reason is simple: With some subsidies(补贴), electric cars and buses are now cost-competitive with fossil-fuel vehicles. Electric buses have made the greatest speed into the market, because they are a logical choice for electrification. By the end of 2018, electric vehicles were displacing about 280,000 barrels of oil demand per day—about 84 percent of which was due to buses.

But the electric car market is also reaching maturity, with appealing designs, longer range, and a quickly-expanding rapid charging network in many countries. It's worth emphasizing that most of the infrastructure(基础设施)necessary to recharge electric vehicles already exists. People often tend to assume that we would need to replace every gas station, but virtually all homes and businesses already have an electrical connection which can be easily improved for fast charging. All that is needed to go fully electric is enough battery capacity and fast charging stations to deal with long trips.

Now America would have to repair its electricity production, freight rail, shipping, and so on to fully decarbonizes(脱碳)the transportation sector, which taken together will be considerably more difficult than simply extirpating fossil fuel vehicles from the market.

But greening America's vehicle would be straightforward, relatively cheap, and a huge stride forward on climate. The politics of climate change are so fearful that despair can seem logical, but the first step to achieving a tough goal is the confident belief that it can be done. And this particular step wouldn't even be that tough.

32. How’s the goal of keeping global warming below 1.5 Celsius according to Paragraph 1?

A. Reasonable. B. Safe. C. Realistic. D. Impossible.

33. How can electric vehicles compete with fossil-fuel ones?

A. By getting financial support from government.

B. By running at the greatest speed.

C. By changing the way of transportation.

D. By making consumers make logical choices.

34. What should we do to promote electric cars now?

A. Replace as many as gas stations.

B. Solve the problem of long trips.

C. Build more infrastructures for recharging.

D. Make businesses have electrical connections.

35. Which of the following best explains “extirpating” underlined in paragraph 5?

A. Repairing. B. Producing. C. Moving. D. Forbidding.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you think your kids aren’t eating enough fruit, you may be right. How can you get your kids to eat more fruit? Telling a child won’t succeed. And, the more you ask your children to eat something, the more they’ll push back. Here’re five skills you can use to guide them without saying a word.

1. Eat Together. Eat fruit in front of your kids and they’re more likely to want. Krisena Borenstein, a mother of two children aged three and four, has seen this type of role modeling work. 36 Watching their father eat apples may cause them to want “what Daddy eats”.

2. Keep Trying. Many children reject(拒绝) new foods because they’re afraid of them, not because they don’t like the taste. 37 You may need to present a new fruit 10 times or more before they’ll accept it.

3. Slice Fruit. 38 When Borenstein asks her children if they want an apple, they’ll often say “No”. But when she cuts it up, they’ll eat it.

4. Let Them Pick Their Fruit. While it’s not as exciting as picking fruit off a tree, your children can still take part in the picking process at the market. Take the kids to the farmers’ market, where they can sample(抽样检查) fruit and choose the pieces they want to bring home. 39

5. Mix It Up. 40 Experiment with frozen, freeze-dried, canned, fresh and dried fruit, as well as 100 percent juice.

A. Don’t give up!

B. The taste is important to kids.

C. Offer fruit in a variety of forms, and shapes.

D. They might start to show off the fruit after returning home.

E. Having them take part makes them more excited about eating it.

F. Your kids may be more likely to want sliced fruit than whole fruit.

G. While her kids loved berries (浆果), they wouldn’t try apples or pears.

第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In fifth grade, my backpack was stolen from my dad’s car. There was my binder(活页夹) in it, where all my school stuff was 41 in it, and it had notebooks in which I had stories that I had been 42 for quite a while. And when my dad had come and woken me up to tell me that his car was 43 and my backpack was stolen, I 44 for about half an hour.

Then I decided to go to school with 45 nothing. My 5th grade 46 , Miss Taylor, was really sweet and 47 to me and understanding. She gave me a/an 48 binder that she had and she got out a piece of 49 , and set about writing my 50 ‘Zoe’ in a cool font(字体). She was really good at fonts. She then 51 it to me.

Later that same day, Miss Taylor had gotten a 52 from the office and when she had gotten off the phone, she 53 me like this: “Zoe, a miracle has happened! Someone 54 your backpack!”, I rushed to the 55 , and got my binder.

When I opened it, I saw all my stuff including a(n) 56 . On the back of the envelope was “I'm sorry all your stuff got stolen, but I hope this 57 ” and I opened the envelope and it had a 58 worth $20 in it. The person that found all the stuff had put in the envelope so that I could 59 more school stuff! Seeing it, I was very 60 to the person.

41. A. dropped B. thrown C. put D. shaped

42. A. writing B. making C. playing D. printing

43. A. broken down B. broken into C. looked into D. broken off

44. A. laughed B. smiled C. jumped D. cried

45. A. gradually B. absolutely C. slightly D. simply

46. A. teacher B. manager C. conductor D. operator

47. A. strange B. mean C. kind D. lucky

48. A. cheap B. common C. complex D. extra

49. A. paper B. cake C. cloth D. silk

50. A. address B. name C. skill D. major

51. A. introduced B. exposed C. presented D. taught

52. A. call B. letter C. E-mail D. gift

53. A. blamed B. told C. charged D. warned

54. A. stole B. sold C. found D. opened

55. A. office B. school C. room D. station

56. A. note B. envelope C. story D. poster

57. A. changes B. rewards C. helps D. functions

58. A. treasure B. gold C. bill D. penny

59. A. need B. buy C. beg D. win

60. A. generous B. familiar C. thankful D. faithful

第II卷

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Video game addiction is a term that 61 (use) for years by parents and mental health professionals 62 believe that it’s a real disorder. Now, there’s more weight behind their 63 (argue): The World Health Organization (WHO) has included “gaming disorder” as a new mental health condition 64 (list) in the 11th edition of its International Classification of Diseases.

According to WHO, there are three major criteria(条件)for the diagnosis of gaming disorder: Gaming takes preference over other 65 (activity) so much that a person often gives up 66 ( do) other things, a person continues gaming even when 67 causes problems in their life or they feel that they can’t stop, and gaming causes 68 (serious) problems than people expect. If your children gets addicted into a game for a few days, but goes back to normal after that, they wouldn’t suffer from it. Instead, people must engage in this behavior for at least 12 months.

WHO says that all people who participate 69 gaming should be aware that gaming disorder is a real condition, and it’s 70 (importance) to be aware of how often they play video games. However, they also point out that gaming disorder only affects a small amount of people who game.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I was so proud of my dad today. He has always been kind or caring, but today he went above and beyond. This morning he changes the oil and then helped a helplessly neighbor to repair his car. While working, he learned that another members of our community had been very ill and his wife was looking for someone he could hire to clean the house. My dad went right over and got the job doing for free. Shortly before he got home, he received call from another friend asking for a ride to the store. His friend needed someone to fix on his vehicle. So he was off also to help his friend.