Unit 1　A land of diversity

Period 5　Reading and Writing

整体设计

教学内容分析

The teaching materials of this period contain two parts.The first part is a reading passage,the text on Page 8 with the title of George's Diary 12th­14th June,which describes the first three days of George's visit to San Francisco.The language is informal；the writer uses contractions and often leaves out some words so that it reads somewhat like notes.

The second part is the Reading Task on Page 51,which is a brief biography of Louis Armstrong,considered by many to be the greatest jazz musician of all times.He was born into poverty in New Orleans and through his musicianship and personality he became rich and famous.He starred in many Hollywood movies and became a goodwill ambassador for the United States on his many trips overseas.He also spoke out in the fight by black Americans for civil rights.Thus,Louis Armstrong's life can be viewed in conjunction with many of the major events and movements of American history in the first half of the 20th century.

三维目标设计

Knowledge and skills

1．To get the students to learn the following useful new words and phrases：occur,apparently,slip,team up with,mark out,take in.

2．To get the students to learn the useful structure：Not just...,but also...

3．To help the students learn how to write a non­chronological report：description of a place.

4．To foster the students' ability in skimming and looking up information in reference books and improve the students' reading ability.

Process and methods

Reading for specific information,summarizing,discussing and practicing.

Emotion,attitude and value

1．To stimulate the students' love to foreign customs and cultures.

2．To inspire the students to write a non­chronological report：description of a place.

教学重点、难点

1．The understanding of the reading passage.

2．The use of contractions in writing articles.

3．Teaching the students how to write a non­chronological report：description of a place.

教学过程

Step 1　Revision

Check the answers to the grammar exercises on Page 5 and explain the difficult ones.

Step 2　Pre­reading

1．Finish Exercise 1 on P7 as quickly as possible.

2．Fill in the blanks with words in the passage.

Suggested answers：

Monday：hotel；luggage；a cable car；Fisherman's Wharf

Tuesday：a couple；a car；driving around the city；Chinatown

Wednesday：Angel Island；the Golden Gate Bridge

Step 3　Reading

1．Answer the following questions according to the text on Page 8.

（1）Why did Andrew Hallidie invent the cable car system?

（2）Where did George eat lunch on his first day in San Francisco?

（3）Why did George hire a car？Why do you think he joined up with Terri and Peter?

（4）Name three things that visitors can do in Chinatown.

Suggested answers：

（1）He invented the cable car system because the horse­drawn trams used before were unsafe.

（2）He ate at Fisherman's Wharf.

（3）It was convenient for him to tour around the city.It was cheaper to hire a car with other people because they could share the cost.Also he probably enjoyed being in the company of other tourists.

（4）Eat in Chinese restaurants,go to markets and visit temples and museums.

2．Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.

（1）Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed,the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.（P8）

他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：由于一辆马车刹车失灵,驾车失控,车子和马一起从山上滑了下去,很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊.

在这个长句子中,主句是he'd been shocked.when引导的时间状语从句中又含有in which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词accident.该句难以理解的是定语从句由三个并列的句子组成.

（2）This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry.（P8）

意大利渔民于19世纪末首先来到这个地区,并且在这里开始了捕渔业.

本句的主句是This is the district.where引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词district.定语从句有两个谓语动词,分别是came和began.

（3）Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them.（P8）

悲惨的境遇对他们来说似乎是一种惩罚而谈不上公正和自由.

理解本句的关键是stay和rather than.stay在这里是名词,而不是动词,意为a limited time of living in a place.再如：I met her towards the end of my stay in Los Angeles.

rather than相当于instead of,意为“而非……,替代”.再如：Rather than go straight on to university why not get some work experience first?

Step 4　Discussion

Imagine you are on holiday somewhere.Write an email or a postcard to a friend telling him/her about your trip.You can write about the places mentioned in the Listening and speaking section or you can choose a different place.

Step 5　Language study

Show the students the following language points in a slide show.

1．occur（P5）

【原句再现】

It didn't occur to me that...我起初没有想到……

【观察探究】

（1）When exactly did the incident occur?

事故究竟在什么时间发生的？

（2）Whooping cough occurs mainly in young children.

百日咳通常在孩子中发病.

（3）Suddenly a good idea occurred to me that we can turn to Tom for help.

我突然想到一个好主意,我们可以向汤姆求助.

（4）I suppose it didn't occur to you to phone the police.

我认为你当时没有想起来报警.

【归纳总结】

occur vi.意思是“发生；出现”,常与to连用,表示“想到；想起”.

occur to sb.（that）想到……

It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事

【即景活用】

选择最佳答案

It didn't ______ to me that we can win the match without our best player.

A．strike　　　　　　B．hit　　　　　　　C．occur　　　　　D．drop

Suggested answer：C

2．apparently（P8）

【原句再现】

Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed,the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.

他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通故事：由于一辆马车刹车失灵,驾车失控,车子和马一起从山上滑了下去,很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊.

【观察探究】

（1）Apparently,you have done a lot to help the poor student with his lessons.

很明显,你已经为帮助这个可怜的学生的学习做了很多.

（2）Apparently she was trying her best to save her child from severe illness.

很明显,她在尽力设法挽救她那重病的孩子.

【归纳总结】

apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地

【知识链接】

apparent adj.“明显的；显而易见的；外表的；表面上的”.如：

Their apparent grief turned to crazy laughter in a minute.

他们那假意的哀伤很快就变成了一阵阵狂笑.

【即景活用】

选择最佳答案

（1）He changed his lifestyle a lot and ______,he wanted to be close to those common people.

A．commonly B．apparently C．luckily D．immediately

（2）It was ______ that he knew nothing about how to drive cars himself,let alone teach us to do it.

A．seemed B．appeared C．apparent D．expected

Suggested answers：（1）B　（2）C

3．slip（P8）

【原句再现】

Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed,the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.

他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通故事：由于一辆马车刹车失灵,驾车失控,车子和马一起从山上滑了下去,很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊.

【观察探究】

（1）The ship slipped through the water.船在水面滑行.

（2）She slipped on the shiny floor and fell.她滑倒在发亮的地板上了.

（3）She slipped away without being seen.她悄悄溜走了,未被人看见.

（4）He took a slip in the bathroom.他在浴室里滑了一跤.

【归纳总结】

slip vi.& n．滑动,滑行；滑跤,失足

slip away溜走；悄悄过去

take a slip 摔一跤,滑一跤

【知识链接】

slip vt.“使滑动,使滑行；悄悄塞入”.如：

The old lady slipped a hand over the heart.

老太太伸手抚摩胸口.

He slipped the money into his pocket.

他悄悄地把钱塞进口袋.

【即景活用】

（1）她在冰上滑倒了.She ______ ______ the ice.

（2）He ______ into the classroom while nobody ______ him when he was late for class this morning.

A．entered；noticed B．slipped；was noticing

C．was slipping；noticed D．was entering；was noticing

Suggested answers：（1）slipped on　（2）B

4．team up with（P8）

【原句再现】

Teamed_up_with a couple from my hotel（Peter and Terri）and hired a car.

同饭店里的一对夫妻（彼得和泰莉）做伴,一起租了一辆小汽车.

【观察探究】

（1）Professor Smith teams up with the company to invent the advanced machine.

史密斯教授和这家公司合作发明了这台先进的机器.

（2）He is said to have teamed up with his brother to manage his father's firm.

据说他已经和他弟弟合作来经营他父亲的公司.

【归纳总结】

team up with（sb.to do sth.）与……合作（干某事）

【知识链接】

和up with搭配的常见短语有：

catch/keep up with跟上；赶上

put up with忍受

end up with 以……告终

come up with 提出；想出

【即景活用】

选择最佳答案

（1）I can ______ the house being untidy,but I hate it if it's not clean.

A．put up with B．team up with C．end up with D．come up with

（2）In my opinion,he would be the right man ______ you can team up to finish the important task.

A．with who B．whom C．with whom D．that

Suggested answers：（1）A　（2）C　

5．mark out（P8）

【原句再现】

There's a fascinating drive marked_out for tourists.

有一种专为旅游者选定的迷人的驾车游活动.

【观察探究】

（1）We have marked out the playing area with a white line.我们已用白线画出运动场地.

（2）Mr.Powel has marked out a general course of action.

鲍威尔先生已规划了一个总的行动计划.

【归纳总结】

mark out 意思是“画线,标出界限；规划”.

【即景活用】

选择最佳答案

According to the advice of all the experts,our government has ______ a special area in the west of the city to develop the industry.

A．pointed out B．got out C．marked out D．given out

Suggested answer：C

6．take in（P8）

【原句再现】

It's a 79 km round­trip that takes_in all the famous tourist spots.

这是一次往返79千米的旅行,它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点.

【观察探究】

（1）The ticket has taken in all the tourist spots in the whole county.

这张票包含了全县所有的旅游景点.

（2）This kind of cloth takes in water easily.这种布料吸水很好.

（3）I was taken in by the salesman—the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable.

推销员欺骗了我——那辆汽车结果既不经济又不牢靠.

（4）I can't take in why you are so angry,and you can't solve any problems in this way.

我无法理解你为什么这么生气,这样是无法解决问题的.

【归纳总结】

take in包括；吸收；欺骗；接受,理解

【知识链接】

（1）take up“占去,占据”.如：

Learning English takes up a lot of my time.

学英语占去了我大量的时间.

（2）take on“呈现”.如：

The city took on a festive air.

这座城市呈现出节日的气氛.

（3）take over“接收；接管；取代”.如：

Tom took over the farm when his father died.

汤姆在其父亲去世后接管了那个农场.

【即景活用】

选择最佳答案

After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane ______ her job as a doctor in the countryside.

A．set out B．took over C．took up D．set up

Suggested answer：C

Step 6　Writing

1．仔细观察右图,然后用适当的句子描述教学楼、图书馆、花园、树木和小路的具体位置和相关信息.最后研究下面所给的五个句子,看看哪些地方的表达更为高级.

word/media/image1_1.png

（1）________________________________________

（2）________________________________________

（3）________________________________________

（4）________________________________________

（5）________________________________________

（1）Our classroom building is just behind the library,making it convenient for us to enter.

（2）Located in the center of our school is the big library,in front of which is a beautiful garden.

（3）In the front of our schoolyard is a garden,where grows green grass and colorful flowers.

（4）There grow a lot of tall trees around our school library and the classroom building.

（5）A small road leads to the library with trees on both sides.

2．Translate the following sentences into English.

（1）加利福尼亚是美国西部西临太平洋的一个州.

________________________________________________________________________

（2）加利福尼亚的人口为29 839 250.

________________________________________________________________________

（3）萨克拉门托（Sacramento）是其首府,洛杉矶（Los Angeles）是其最大的城市.

________________________________________________________________________

（4）1850年被收纳为美国第三十一个州.

________________________________________________________________________

（5）由于其阳光明媚的气候,并在拓荒年代发现了金矿,加利福尼亚常被称为“金色之州”.

________________________________________________________________________

Suggested answers：

（1）California is a state in the western United States on/bordering the Pacific Ocean.

（2）California has a population of 29 839 250.

（3）Sacramento is its capital and Los Angeles the largest city.

（4）It was admitted as the 31st state of the USA in 1850.

（5）California is often called the Golden State because of its sunny climate and the discovery of gold during its pioneering days.

3．Writing task

写作话题：历年高考试题的题目中有把地点类介绍作为主要内容的写作题目,如介绍张各庄的地理位置及其变化；也有把地理位置的描述作为其中一部分的或作为写作背景内容的题目,如：到公园进行野餐,需要写信告诉路线和野餐位置等.表达形式常为日记形式,尤其是游记的写作,有时也涉及书信等,但大都以介绍地理位置和名胜景点为主.

例题展示：李华的加拿大笔友Peter发来e­mail说,今年暑假,他想选择中国的某处村庄来体验民间生活,希望李华能介绍一个理想的地方,去信描述其具体的地理位置和简要概况,并简单介绍其历史和发展变化,最好能附上一张照片.下面是李华选择的照片,请以李华的名义,按要求写封回信.要求词数120～150.

word/media/image2_1.png

写作指导：本单元写作是描写地点.

（1）地点介绍类写作要选准中心点,即参照物.写作题目一般会给出图画提示或文字说明,图画中一般要含有比较醒目、比较重要的地点或事物,要以此为中心,展开对其他相关事物的描述.描述的地点有时是静态的,即纯地点类描述,有时要结合位置的变化或行动路线进行地点描述,属于动态描述.

（2）使用规范的地点描述语句.地点类描述语句分为静态的描述和动态的描述.

1）静态描述可以用一般的句式,如：...is/lies in/on/to the north/south/west/east of the...某地处于某地的东/西/南/北方；...is located/situated in/on/to the...某地坐落在某地的……方；也可以用倒装结构,如：There is/stands/lies...in/on/to...在某处有……；on/in/to the north/south/west/east of the...is/lies...在某地的东/西/南/北方座落着……；located/situated/seated in/on/to the...is...坐落在某地……方的是……

2）动态描述可以用：Go down/up/on/along the...till you get to...沿……走下去,直到……；Go on/through...and you will get to/see...沿……走/穿过……,你就能看到……；Take....and turn right/left at the first/second turning.走……路在第一/二个拐角处朝右/左拐；It is about 5 minutes' walk/ride away from here.步行/骑车/开车大约5分钟的路程.

例文引导：

Dear Peter,

I'm glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday.I have chosen a picture of my hometown for you.I wish you can enjoy it.

My hometown is_located_in a mountainous area,and to_the_north_of_it_is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants and magical fog.In_the_south_of_our_village_runs a small river,in_which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees.There are many old and interesting houses and yards as_well_as some modern buildings in our village,and I think you will love it.

Great changes have taken place in our hometown in the past few years.Many roads have been built connecting our village with other villages and cities.People's living standard has been greatly improved and they live a better life than before,and they will give you a warm welcome when you come.

Looking forward to seeing you soon.

Yours,

Li Hua

[即学即练]

暑假期间,你参加了国际旅行社组织的国外参观考察团,于7月21日星期五来到法国参观考察,下面是你在法国首都巴黎参观时的一日行程,请根据参观的景点和旅游路线,写一篇120～150词的旅游日记.日记的开头已经给出,不计入总词数.

Friday,July 21stsunny

Today I visited Paris on a visiting team organized by the International Tourist Agency.

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

One possible version：

Friday,July 21st sunny

Today I visited Paris on a visiting team organized by the International Tourist Agency.I was struck by the beauty of the capital city,which is also the center of politics,economy,culture and transportation of the country.

First,we came to the world famous Eiffel Tower and then to the grand and spectacular Triumphal Arch.After that we visited the Louvre Museum,in which we enjoyed a great collection of arts in the world.When we came to the Notre Dame de Paris,we felt very royal and serious.Finally we paid a visit to the Centre George Pompidou,where I was surprised by its wonderful design.On the whole,the beauty of all the buildings is beyond description.

I was especially satisfied with the cooking in Paris,and I enjoyed so much delicious food which can not be found in my own country.I felt tired very much after the visit,but I think it is worth a second visit some day.

Step 9　Homework

1．Master the language points in the text.

2．Write an article according to the information given below.

假设你是李华,请你根据你在台湾省台南市的旅游经历,为《21世纪报》写一篇介绍台南的文章.要点如下：

地位：台湾第四大城市；历史上曾是台湾省府的所在地.

人口：700 000.

特色：台湾最好玩的城市之一；建筑艺术丰富；被认为是游览寺庙的胜地.

名胜：东南亚最大的寺庙——位于台南郊区的鹿儿门妈祖庙（Luerhmen）,台湾历史最悠久的孔庙（Confucius Temple）、赤楼（Chihkan Tower）、安平古堡（Anping Fort）和亿载金城（Eternal Castle）.

One possible version：

Tainan was once the provincial capital of Taiwan and it is rich in traditional architecture.Today,it is the fourth largest city in Taiwan,with a population of over 700,000.It is considered one of the best places to view temples.Although many are only small neighborhood temples,some are very large.For example,in the suburbs stands one of the largest temples in Southeast Asia—Luerhmen.Besides,the oldest Confucius Temple is also in Tainan.At special times in the lunar calendar,special ceremonies and parades are held in the city.Moreover,Tainan is also famous for monuments,such as the Chihkan Tower,Anping Fort and the Eternal Castle.All these make Tainan one of Taiwan's most interesting cities.

Step 10　Reflection after teaching

________________________________________________________________________

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