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安全验证

时间：2023-10-02 03:02:44 下载该word文档

2020届广州增城区新塘中学北校区高三英语下学期期中试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Olderadultswhosleepsixhoursorfeweranightmayhaveelevatedriskfordementia(痴呆症andothercognitive(认知的issues,anewstudyfinds.
ResearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredseniors'(ages65to85dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,findinghigherriskinthosepatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothosewhosleptsevenoreighthours.Thoseseniorswhosleptnineormorehoursalsohadlowercognitivefunctionsandotherhealthissues,buttheresearchersdidn'tfindthesamehighdementiariskinthisgroup.
Thefindingsdemonstratehowimportantitisforadultstomaintainahealthysleepcycle,especiallyastheygetolder.
Asadultsage,it'scommonfortheirsleeppatternstochangeorbecomedisrupted—leadingtolonger,shorter,ormoreirregularsleep.ThisdisruptionmaybelinkedtoAlzheimer'sandotherformsofdementia,impactingseniors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,andgothrougheverydaybehaviors.Sleepdisruptioncanalsobecausedbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardisease（冠心病）,andotherconditions.
Arecommendedsleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours,theresearcherssaid.Sixorfewerhourscorrespondedtoshortsleep,whilenineormorehourscorrespondedtolongsleep.
TheStanfordresearchersmeasuredlevelsofbetaamyloid,aproteininthebrainthatistypicallyfoundinhighlevelswhenapatientdevelopsAlzheimer's.Inaddition,theresearchersusedseveraltestsformemory,attention,spatialskills,andexecutivefunctiontoidentifypatients'cognitiveabilities.Thosepatientssleepingforsixhoursorfeweranightweremorelikelytodevelopdementia,theresearchersfound.Thelow-sleeppatientshadhigherlevelsofbetaamyloid.
TheStanfordresearchersfoundthatpatientswithlowersleepalsoperformedworseonmemorytests,whilethosewithhighersleep(morehoursperformedworseonexecutivefunctiontests，whichmeasurethebrain'sabilitytoswitchbetweendifferenttasks.
―Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife,WinertoldCNN.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disrupted”inparagraph4mean?A.difficultB.disordered

C.dissolvedD.different
2.Accordingtothefindings,whichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothedisruptedsleep?A.Itismorelikelytocauseoldpeopletohavebadmemoriesoverissues.B.Itmaycontributetodementia,cardiovasculardiseaseandotherillnesses.C.Somedailybehaviorsperhapsdifferfromthosewhosesleepingisnormal.DIttendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.3.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?
A.Apropersleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours.B.Lowandhighsleeppatientswerebothpooratmemorytests.C.Executivefunctiontestisappliedtomeasurethecapacityofbrain.D.Keepingahealthysleepforolderadultslateinlifeiscrucial.
B
Browncowsmaynotactuallymakechocolatemilk,butpinksilkworms（蚕）doproducepinksilk,ateamofscientistshasdiscovered.Toseeiftheycouldproducepre-dyedsilk-silkthatcomescolor1ed,straightfromthesource-theteamfedordinarysilkwormsmulberry（桑树）leavesthathadbeensprayed（喷洒）withfabric（织物）dyes（染色剂）.Outofseventesteddyes,onlyoneworked,producingathreadthatremindedmeofpink-dyedhair.
Andyes,thewormsthemselvestakeonsomecolor1beforetheyproducesilk.Theircolor1fuldietsdidnotaffecttheirgrowth,theteam,whichincludedengineersandbiologistsfromtheCSIR-NationalChemicalLaboratoryinIndia,reportsinthejournalACSSustainableChemistry&Engineering.(Theresearchersdidn'tlooktoodeeplyintohowthedyesaffectedthesilkworms'health.Afterall,silkwormsdiewhenpeopleharvesttheirsilk.
Theteammadedyeingsilkthiswaybecausecolor1ingfabricnormallyuseslargeamountsoffreshwater.Thewatergetspollutedwithdangerouschemicalsintheprocess,requiringcostlytreatmentbeforefactoriescansenditbackintowaterways.Dyeingsilkdirectlybyfeedingsilkwormswouldavoidthosewater-washingsteps.Scientistsarejuststartingtostudythisidea.However,itremainstobeseenifit'scommerciallysuccessful.Inthisexperiment,theIndianteamtestedsevendyes,whicharecheapandpopularintheindustry.
Thescientistsfounddifferentdyesmovedthroughsilkworms'bodiesdifferently.Somenevermadeitintotheworms'silkatall.Otherscolor1edthewormsandtheirsilkbutthecolor1disappearsbeforethesilkisturnedintofabric.Onlyonedye,named"directacidfastred",showedupinthefinal,washedsilkthreads.Bythetimeitmade

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